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Central pattern generator. Central pattern generators ( CPGs) are self-organizing biological neural circuits [ 1][ 2] that produce rhythmic outputs in the absence of rhythmic input. [ 3][ 4][ 5] They are the source of the tightly-coupled patterns of neural activity that drive rhythmic and stereotyped motor behaviors like walking, swimming ...
In linguistics, transformational grammar ( TG) or transformational-generative grammar ( TGG) is part of the theory of generative grammar, especially of natural languages. It considers grammar to be a system of rules that generate exactly those combinations of words that form grammatical sentences in a given language and involves the use of ...
A garden-path sentence is a grammatically correct sentence that starts in such a way that a reader's most likely interpretation will be incorrect; the reader is lured into a parse that turns out to be a dead end or yields a clearly unintended meaning. "Garden path" refers to the saying "to be led down [or up] the garden path", meaning to be ...
v. t. e. A Venn diagram is a widely used diagram style that shows the logical relation between sets, popularized by John Venn (1834–1923) in the 1880s. The diagrams are used to teach elementary set theory, and to illustrate simple set relationships in probability, logic, statistics, linguistics and computer science.
For example, in the NYPD system, Code 10-13 means "Officer needs help," whereas in the APCO system "Officer needs help" is Code 10-33. The New Zealand reality television show Ten 7 Aotearoa (formerly Police Ten 7 ) takes its name from the New Zealand Police ten-code 10-7, which means "Unit has arrived at job".
The sparse coding for the input then consists of those representative patterns. For example, the very large set of English sentences can be encoded by a small number of symbols (i.e. letters, numbers, punctuation, and spaces) combined in a particular order for a particular sentence, and so a sparse coding for English would be those symbols.
CS assumes different forms. It may occur at the beginning, middle, and at the end of a sentence. CS is divided into inter-sentential switching and intra-sentential switching (Myers-Scotton, 2012). In intersentential code switching, a language element is switched at sentence borders.
Huffman tree generated from the exact frequencies of the text "this is an example of a huffman tree". Encoding the sentence with this code requires 135 (or 147) bits, as opposed to 288 (or 180) bits if 36 characters of 8 (or 5) bits were used (This assumes that the code tree structure is known to the decoder and thus does not need to be counted as part of the transmitted information).