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A cardiac stress test is a cardiological examination that evaluates the cardiovascular system's response to external stress within a controlled clinical setting. This stress response can be induced through physical exercise (usually a treadmill) or intravenous pharmacological stimulation of heart rate. [ 1]
Dobutamine is a medication used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock (as a result of inadequate tissue perfusion) and severe heart failure. [ 2][ 3] It may also be used in certain types of cardiac stress tests. [ 2] It is given by IV only, as an injection into a vein or intraosseous as a continuous infusion. [ 2]
Coronary ischemia, myocardial ischemia, [ 1] or cardiac ischemia, [ 2] is a medical term for abnormally reduced blood flow in the coronary circulation through the coronary arteries. [ 3] Coronary ischemia is linked to heart disease, and heart attacks. [ 4] Coronary arteries deliver oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. [ 5]
The procedure includes an incision on the anterolateral area below the clavicle. Two leads are then inserted; one into the right atrium and the other into the right ventricular apex via the subclavian veins. Once in place, they are secured and attached to the generator which will remain inside the fascia, anterior to the pectoral muscle. [40]
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging perfusion (cardiac MRI perfusion, CMRI perfusion), also known as stress CMR perfusion, [1] is a clinical magnetic resonance imaging test performed on patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease to determine if there are perfusion defects in the myocardium of the left ventricle that are caused by narrowing of one or more of the coronary arteries.
Coronary steal is also the mechanism in most drug-based cardiac stress tests; When a patient is incapable of doing physical activity they are given a vasodilator that produces a "cardiac steal syndrome" as a diagnostic procedure. The test result is positive if the patient's symptoms reappear or if ECG alterations are seen. [citation needed]
On the other hand, FFR is an invasive procedure for which non-invasive (less drastic) alternatives exist, such as cardiac stress testing. In this test, physical exercise or intravenous medication (adenosine/dobutamine) is used to increase the workload and oxygen demand of the heart muscle, and ischemia is detected using ECG changes or nuclear ...
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a progressive type of coronary artery disease in people who have had a heart transplant. [ 1] As the donor heart has lost its nerve supply there is typically no chest pain, and CAV is usually detected on routine testing. [ 2]