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In a fluid mixture like a petroleum gas or oil there are lots of molecule types, and within this mixture there are families of molecule types (i.e. groups of fluid components). The simplest group is the n-alkanes which are long chains of CH 2-elements. The more CH 2-elements, or carbon atoms, the longer molecule. Critical viscosity and critical ...
Ethanol fuel mixtures have "E" numbers which describe the percentage of ethanol fuel in the mixture by volume, for example, E85 is 85% anhydrous ethanol and 15% gasoline. Low-ethanol blends are typically from E5 to E25, although internationally the most common use of the term refers to the E10 blend. Blends of E10 or less are used in more than ...
The gas/oil ratio (GOR) is the ratio of the volume of gas ("scf") that comes out of solution to the volume of oil — at standard conditions. In reservoir simulation gas/oil ratio is usually abbreviated . A point to check is whether the volume of oil is measured before or after the gas comes out of solution, since the remaining oil volume will ...
When an engine is taxed from heavy loads, internal operating temperatures rise, causing evaporation and oxidation of the oil. This results in heavy “oil use” as well as caking and sludging ...
In this way, Canada's proven reserves increased suddenly in 2003 when the oil sands of Alberta were seen to be economically viable. Similarly, Venezuela 's proven reserves jumped in the late 2000s when the heavy oil of the Orinoco Belt was judged economic.
Let's start with the easy and simple numbers. The EPA says that for every 100 pounds taken out of the vehicle, the fuel economy is increased by 1-2 percent. Based on a gallon of gasoline costing ...
Both are typically obtained from the light gas oil cut. The name gasoil refers to the original use of this fraction in the late 19th and early 20th centuries—the gas oil cut was used as an enriching agent for carbureted water gas manufacture. [7] Number 3 fuel oil was a distillate oil for burners requiring low-viscosity fuel. ASTM merged this ...
Multiphase flow. Sketch of multiphase flow in an oil pipe, where the continuous phase is the liquid (blue) carrying smaller particles. Gas (white) and oil particles (black) are in a disperse phase. In fluid mechanics, multiphase flow is the simultaneous flow of materials with two or more thermodynamic phases. [ 1]