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Germany’s expenditure on education constituted 6,5% of its GDP in 2014 corresponding to €190.7 billion (Destatis, 2017b). European Commission report on education and training in Germany (2016) highlighted that Germany’s general government expenditure on education stands below the EU average and is ranked ninth among the European
4.1. Primary education in Germany Public education in Germany is based on two principles of being compulsory and free. These pieces of the training start at age 6 and continue until age 18. In 1949, with the adoption of the basic law of education, the social, political and cultural foundations of Germany were subject to changes.
Tiered systems in German education are often said to work against social justice and educational equity (Hurrelmann, 2012). Indeed, the claim that the German school system is fundamentally unjust in all its variations is repeatedly expressed (Deppe-Wolfinger, 2006; Helbig, & Nikolai, 2008; Reich, 2008; Seitz, Finnern, Korff, & Scheidt, 2012).
NOTE: There are differences within the education system of Germany because responsibilities and oversight for compulsory education take place at the state (Länder) level. However, the purpose of this document is to present a brief, general summary of education in Germany.
Education in Germany is primarily the responsibility of individual German states ( Länder ), with the federal government only playing a minor role. While kindergarten (nursery school) is optional, formal education is compulsory for all children ages 6 to 18. [1] Students can complete three types of school leaving qualifications, ranging from ...
The German education system is directly influenced by a set of principles which come from social, cultural, and political realms in Germany. This document provides a detailed and comprehensive treatment of four key academic and nonacademic factors that are of interest to U.S. policymakers.
For Germany, what we know is that only 5.5 percent of students who obtained their Abitur at Gymnasien or Gesamtschulen in 2005 reached an average Abitur grade below 1.5 (A), 36 percent between 1.5 and 2.4 (B), 50 percent between 2.5 and 3.4 (C), and 9 percent below 3.4 (D/F) (Kultusministerkonferenz, 2006).
According to the key German policy document, development education aims at encouraging learners to participate in the shaping of a more just and sustainable world marked by solidarity (KMK and BMZ, 2007). Development education takes place both in schools and in non-formal educational contexts.