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The plots at the bottom show the signal intensity in the indicated row of the image (red: original signal, blue: with noise). Signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power ...
Carrier-to-noise density ratio. In satellite communications, carrier-to-noise-density ratio ( C/N0) is the ratio of the carrier power C to the noise power density N0, expressed in dB-Hz . When considering only the receiver as a source of noise, it is called carrier-to-receiver-noise-density ratio . It determines whether a receiver can lock on ...
Signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR) is used in imaging to characterize image quality. The sensitivity of a (digital or film) imaging system is typically described in the terms of the signal level that yields a threshold level of SNR. Industry standards define sensitivity in terms of the ISO film speed equivalent, using SNR thresholds (at average scene ...
Peak signal-to-noise ratio. Peak signal-to-noise ratio ( PSNR) is an engineering term for the ratio between the maximum possible power of a signal and the power of corrupting noise that affects the fidelity of its representation. Because many signals have a very wide dynamic range, PSNR is usually expressed as a logarithmic quantity using the ...
Noise figure. Noise figure (NF) and noise factor ( F) are figures of merit that indicate degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that is caused by components in a signal chain. These figures of merit are used to evaluate the performance of an amplifier or a radio receiver, with lower values indicating better performance.
In information theory and telecommunication engineering, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio ( SINR [1]) (also known as the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio ( SNIR) [2]) is a quantity used to give theoretical upper bounds on channel capacity (or the rate of information transfer) in wireless communication systems such as networks.
Signal averaging. Signal averaging is a signal processing technique applied in the time domain, intended to increase the strength of a signal relative to noise that is obscuring it. By averaging a set of replicate measurements, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) will be increased, ideally in proportion to the square root of the number of measurements.
In the channel considered by the Shannon–Hartley theorem, noise and signal are combined by addition. That is, the receiver measures a signal that is equal to the sum of the signal encoding the desired information and a continuous random variable that represents the noise. This addition creates uncertainty as to the original signal's value.