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Sunk cost. In economics and business decision-making, a sunk cost (also known as retrospective cost) is a cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered. [1] [2] Sunk costs are contrasted with prospective costs, which are future costs that may be avoided if action is taken. [3] In other words, a sunk cost is a sum paid in the past ...
Opportunity cost is the concept of ensuring efficient use of scarce resources, [25] a concept that is central to health economics. The massive increase in the need for intensive care has largely limited and exacerbated the department's ability to address routine health problems.
Shutdown (economics) A firm will choose to implement a shutdown of production when the revenue received from the sale of the goods or services produced cannot even cover the variable costs of production. In that situation, the firm will experience a higher loss when it produces, compared to not producing at all.
Fixed and Sunk Costs Revisited. Wang, X. Henry; Yang, Bill Z. Journal of Economic Education, v32 n2 p178-85 Spr 2001. Attempts to clarify the concepts of, and the link between, fixed costs and sunk costs. Argues that the root of confusion is the inconsistency in defining the term fixed costs. Consistently defines fixed and sunk costs, and ...
Economics and business students are taught that sunk costs are irrelevant to their decisions. Yet, there is ample evidence that managers fail to integrate this simple rule and fall prey to what is known as the sunk-costs bias.
Engineering economics, previously known as engineering economy, is a subset of economics concerned with the use and "...application of economic principles" [1] in the analysis of engineering decisions. [2] As a discipline, it is focused on the branch of economics known as microeconomics in that it studies the behavior of individuals and firms ...
v. t. e. In economics, specifically general equilibrium theory, a perfect market, also known as an atomistic market, is defined by several idealizing conditions, collectively called perfect competition, or atomistic competition. In theoretical models where conditions of perfect competition hold, it has been demonstrated that a market will reach ...
Signalling (economics) In contract theory, signalling (or signaling; see spelling differences) is the idea that one party (the agent) credibly conveys some information about itself to another party (the principal ). Although signalling theory was initially developed by Michael Spence based on observed knowledge gaps between organisations and ...